ABSTRACT
Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is being evaluated asimportant risk factor in development of insulin resistance andVitamin D supplementation may be beneficial in managementof type 2 DM. A pre-post Intervention study in a tertiary carehospital was conducted to observe the effect of Vitamin Dsupplementation in glycemic control and insulin resistance inType 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Material and Methods: Estimation of Fasting and postprandial plasma sugar, 25 hydroxy Vitamin D, serum fastinginsulin and Insulin resistance, calculated using Homeostaticmodel assessment of Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) method,in 300 known cases of Type2 Diabetes Mellitus and 50 age andsex matched healthy controls was done. Oral supplementationof Vit D, 60,000IU/week for 4 weeks was given to the group ofDiabetics with decreased vit D level <20 ng/ml. Fasting seruminsulin and Vit D level was repeated after 7 days of 4th doseof vit D supplementation. The pre and post supplementationvalues of Fasting serum Insulin, vitamin D levels and Bloodsugar levels were recorded and statistically analysed.Results: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL). in type II diabetics was 30%. Comparison of parametersafter supplementation to the Vit D deficient Diabetic group,revealed a significant decrease in Fasting plasma glucose (pvalue 0.0028) with no significant change in the mean baseline2 h plasma glucose or HbA1c. There is a statistically significantdecrease in Fasting serum insulin levels (p <0.0031) anddecrease in insulin resistance (p=<0.0001) after 4 weeks ofVit D supplementation.Conclusion: Supplementation of Vit D results in decreasingthe insulin levels and insulin resistance in the Vitamin Ddeficient type 2 diabetics in Indian population. VitaminD supplementation in Diabetics could be beneficial inmanagement of Type 2 DM.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by a persistent joint inflammation along with cartilage and bone damage with significant limitation of activity, reduction in the quality of life and often systemic complications. There have been lot of advances in diagnostic and treatment modalities available for RA in the recent years with better access to tertiary care centers in the country. Study aimed to analyse the present day clinical profile of patients of RA reporting to a tertiary care centre in south western part of India. Material and methods: This prospective observational, hospital based study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital over a period of six months. All diagnosed consecutive cases of RA visiting our OPD or admitted in wards were evaluated. RA was diagnosed based on American College of Rheumatology Criteria-201. Detailed clinical history and examination along with haematological, biochemical parameters and inflammatory markers were analysed. Results: Total 92 cases of RA qualified for the study. 81.5% study population was female. 26% of the study population had 1st degree relative suffering from the same disease 36 (39.1%) of the patients had high disease activity. Most common joint involved was MCP joint Most common joint deformity was ulnar deviation of digits, most common radiological finding was joint space narrowing. Conclusion: RA has female preponderance with a significant proportion having positive family history. Most common joints involved are the MCP joints and the most common deformity was ulnar deviation of digits. There are significant proportions of patients who present with high disease activity. Anaemia, thrombocytosis and extrarticular manifestations are common. Most of the patients are on DMRDs with methotrexate being the most commonly used drug
ABSTRACT
Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The diseaseshows varied epidemiological, clinico-radiological, and pathological profile. With the changing trends of chronic benign lungconditions and better diagnostic modalities available for detection and staging of lung cancer, especially with the advent ofmetabolic imaging, the current clinico-radiological profile in a tertiary care center was analyzed.Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the clinico-radiological profile of lung cancer patients in a tertiary carecenter in Southwestern part of India.Materials and Methods: This is a prospective descriptive study done between November 2016 and November 2017. A total of125 of histopathologically proven primary lung cancer patients were enrolled and analyzed. Their history, demographic profiles,clinical details, histopathological, and radiological findings were obtained and analyzed using SPSS software.Results: A total of 125 patients were analyzed in our study. The mean ± SD of the age of cases studied in the study groupwas 58.1 ± 12.1 years with an overall male predominance with male/female ratio of 1.84:1. A total of 66 patients (52.8%) weresmokers (active) with an average duration of smoking being 24.5 pack years. Cough (82.4%) and dyspnea (76.8%) were themost common symptom while pallor (56.8%) and clubbing (39.2%) were the most common physical findings. Mass lesion(80%) was the most common radiological presentation. Adenocarcinoma (72.8%) was the most common histopathological typefollowed by squamous cell carcinoma (20.8%). Most common site of metastasis was bones (52.8%) followed by metastasisto adrenals (20.8%) and liver (19.2%). Nodal upstaging after positron emission tomography (PET) scan was demonstrated in32% of the patients.Conclusion: Carcinoma lung remains one of the most prevalent causes of cancer-related mortality in the world. Smokingcontinues to be an important risk factor for the development of carcinoma lung with cough still being the most common clinicalpresentation. The radiologically mass lesion is the most common presentation. 18Flurodeoxyglucose-PET imaging has emergedas an inescapable modality to be used in evaluation and staging in patients of primary lung cancer.
ABSTRACT
The plasma zinc levels at 1 month of age in term babies with birth weight > 2 kg was 107.69 +/- 23.76 micrograms/dL (range 70 to 150 micrograms/dL). Plasma zinc levels were statistically significantly higher in male babies as compared to females (117.56 +/- 23.84 micrograms/dL vs 98.56 +/- 20.04 micrograms/dL: P value =.003). The zinc levels were also similar among those with and without exclusive breast-feeding. Studies on the clinical benefits of zinc supplementation in young infants are needed.